HA-KIBBUTZ HA-ARẒI HA-SHOMER HA-ẒA'IR
- HA-KIBBUTZ HA-ARẒI HA-SHOMER HA-ẒA'IR
- HA-KIBBUTZ HA-ARẒI HA-SHOMER HA-ẒA'IR, a union of kibbutzim
in Israel, founded in 1927 by the first collective settlements of
Ha-Shomer ha-Ẓa'ir pioneers. It regards itself as an avant-garde
nucleus of the future socialist society in Israel and adheres strictly
to the principles of collective life of its members and the collective
education of their children. The first settlers arrived in Israel in
1919, and in 1922 established Bet Alfa, the first kibbutz of the
movement. In 1936 the movement joined forces with the Socialist League
and the two founded Mifleget Po'alim-Ha-Shomer ha-Ẓair in 1946. In 1948
the new party united with Aḥdut ha-Avodah-Po'alei Zion to form
mapam . New kibbutzim continued to be established into the
statehood period. In 1970, Ha-Kibbutz ha-Arẓi comprised 75 kibbutzim
with a population of about 30,000, while in the mid-1990s it numbered 85
kibbutzim. In 2000 it united with the second secular kibbutz movement,
Ha-Tenu'ah ha-Kibbutzit ha-Me'uḥedet (Takam) to create the
kibbutz movement , now comprising 244 kibbutzim with a population
of 115,600. Ha-Kibbutz ha-Arẓi ha-Shomer ha-Ẓa'ir emphasized ideological
unity and mutual economic aid among its member kibbutzim. It established
the Kibbutz Arẓi Choir, the Sifriat Hapoalim press, and the daily
Mishmar, which later became al-ha-mishmar and continued
to appear until 1995.
For further details see kibbutz movement , Ha-Kibbutz ha-Arẓi
ha-Shomer ha-Ẓa'ir.
(Shaked Gilboa (2nd ed.)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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